Motor products are typical rotating machinery and involve the conversion of various energies such as electrical energy, magnetic energy, wind energy, thermal energy, and mechanical energy. The air gap between the stator and rotor has a significant impact on other performance indicators of the motor. In cases of uneven air gap, the direct perception of motor users is low-frequency electromagnetic sound, and in severe cases, there may be quality problems caused by unilateral magnetic pulling force.
Today, we will analyze the problem of uneven air gap in motors from the perspective of mechanical processing. In the previous article, we discussed the independent coaxiality issues of the stator part, rotor part, bearing system, and additional device system of the motor. However, the coaxiality requirements of the entire product must also be ensured by the matching relationship of related components.
The coordination relationship between the rotating part and the fixed part
The matching relationship between the diameter of the machine base and the end cap stopper. From the structural analysis of motor products, the bearing system and rotor part can be classified as the rotating part, which is connected by a shaft and assembled and fixed as a rotating whole with the stator part. The key to fixing the stator part and rotating part lies in the connection between the machine base and the end cover, that is, the fit between the machine base stopper and the end cover stopper. It should be emphasized that when the fit between the two stoppers is loose, it is easy to cause the axis of the rotating part and the axis of the stator part to become unimportant, resulting in different axis problems. Based on the compliance of other independent systems, the result is uneven air gap between the stator and rotor.
The positional tolerance requirements for the end face of the machine base and the contact surface between the end cap and the machine base end face. In theory, the mating surfaces of the two should be coaxial, and the mating surfaces in the vertical direction should be perpendicular to the centerline of the motor shaft. To ensure this requirement, the total length control of the machine base is particularly unimportant during the machining process of the machine base and end cover, and the horseshoe problem should not occur. The distance between the end cover stop plane and the side of the bearing chamber is also a key factor in quality control.
In the actual production and processing process, due to the fact that the machine base and end cap are both thin-walled parts, stress release or physical rotation issues may cause deformation of the joint, which can lead to deterioration of the fit between the two. Therefore, in the process control of component machining technology, including component design, technical means should be used to ensure the symmetry of the components.
Based on the above analysis and the requirements for coaxiality control of each independent part in the previous article, the machining quality of components, especially the selection of benchmarks and machining control requirements during the machining process, are essential to ensure the quality of motor products
The key requirement for coaxiality, especially for high-efficiency motors, is the comprehensive level of component processing, which has a significant impact on improving motor efficiency.
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